Effects of sociodemographic features and accompanying systemic diseases on urinary incontinence

Abstract

AimThe aim of this study is to determine the urinary incontinence (UI) subtype of women who present with complaints of urinary incontinence to our clinic, to identify risk factors related with this type and to determine the effects of sociodemographic features. MethodsThis retrospective study was approved by Clinical Trials Ethics Committee in Malatya and included 386 patients who presented to Urology Clinic of Malatya Research and Education Hospital. Classification of the UI subtypes was performed using Turkish Version of International Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) which was validated by Cetinel et al. Comorbidities and other data of the patients were evaluated by asking the patients. ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 51.4 years (range: 18–92 years). The mean number of births was 4.1 (range 0–10) and 90.2% of the women were married. The mean BMI was 27.24 kg/m². Stress urinary incontinence was found in 24 (6.3%) patients, urge type urinary incontinence in 94 (24.3%), and mixed type in 268 (69.4%). From the comorbid diseases, diabetes mellitus was present in 74 (19.1%) patients while hypertension was present in 84 (21.8%). Statistically significant differences were observed among UI types with respect to age and BMI. Risk factors included age, BMI, gynecologic surgery, lumbar disc hernia, and multiple sclerosis (P < .05). ConclusionDiseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, lumbar disc hernia, and multiple sclerosis, birth trauma, past urogynecological surgery, age, BMI, and number of births are risk factors for UI. Since the majority of the patients consider UI as a natural consequence of aging, they often do not seek medical help. Extensive prevalence studies and patient education are needed in developing countries.

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