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The antiedema effect of intracisternal hyperosmolar albumine on experimental created brain edema

The efficacy of hyperosmolar albumine on brain edema

Original Research • doi:10.4328/JCAM.47 • Published: January 1, 2010

Authors

Ayhan Tekiner1, Çağatay Önal2, Ayhan Koçak2, Süleyman Rüştü Çaylı2, Mehmet Akif Bayar1, Şevket Tektaş3
Affiliations

1Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Türkiye.

2Department of Neurosurgery, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Türkiye.

3Retired Lecturer, Ankara, Türkiye.

Corresponding Author

Ayhan Tekiner

Abstract

AimBrain edema caused by central nervous system diseases and traumatic brain injury remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Although the pathophysiology of traumatic brain edema has been extensively investigated, there is still no standardized treatment. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the anti-edema efficacy of intracisternal hyperosmolar human albumin in traumatic brain edema.
MethodsThirty-six New Zealand rabbits weighing 2.2–2.8 kg were included. Experimental traumatic brain edema was induced using a weight-drop model following craniectomy. The animals were randomly assigned to six groups. Hyperosmolar human albumin was administered intracisternally at different time points after trauma. Treatment efficacy was assessed by cerebrospinal fluid osmolality and brain tissue water content. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric ANOVA and Mann–Whitney U tests, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
ResultsSignificant differences were observed between the trauma and control groups in both cerebrospinal fluid osmolality and brain tissue water content. Treatment groups showed values closer to those of the control group. The most effective reduction in brain edema was achieved in animals receiving hyperosmolar albumin two or three times within the first 72 hours after trauma.
ConclusionIntracisternal administration of hyperosmolar human albumin effectively reduced experimental traumatic brain edema. Repeated administration during the first 72 hours after injury produced the greatest therapeutic benefit. These findings suggest that hyperosmolar albumin may represent a promising treatment option for traumatic brain edema and warrant further experimental and clinical investigation.

Keywords

traumatic brain injury brain edema hyperosmolar albumin

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About This Article

Received:
September 29, 2009
Accepted:
October 25, 2009
Published Online:
January 1, 2010
Printed:
January 1, 2010